

In later years the data gathering grew, and the program also began collecting data on “non-state conflicts” (where neither party was a state) and “one-sided violence” (where an organized group attacked unarmed civilians). Initially the program collected data only on so-called “armed conflict”, defined as fighting exceeding 25 battle-related deaths between two actors of which at least one had to be a state. It became clear that more systematic and global data on armed conflicts was necessary for conducting research in the expanding academic discipline of peace and conflict studies. The UCDP began recording information on ongoing violent conflicts in the 1970s. 4.1 List of state-based conflicts in 2011.


4 The UCDP’s Definitions of Organized Violence.
